ImageApi/src/ai/face_client.rs

//! Thin async HTTP client for Apollo's `/api/internal/faces/*` endpoints.
//!
//! Apollo (the personal location-history viewer at the sibling repo) hosts the
//! insightface inference service. This client is the ImageApi side of the
//! contract — it shoves image bytes through `/detect` and returns boxes +
//! 512-d ArcFace embeddings, plus a single-embedding `/embed` for the manual
//! face-create flow.
//!
//! Mirrors `apollo_client.rs` shape: optional base URL (None = disabled, the
//! file watcher and manual-create handlers no-op), reqwest client with a
//! generous timeout because CPU inference on a backlog can take many seconds
//! per photo.
//!
//! Configured via `APOLLO_FACE_API_BASE_URL`, falling back to
//! `APOLLO_API_BASE_URL` when the dedicated var is unset (single-Apollo
//! deploys are the common case). Both unset → `is_enabled()` returns false.
//!
//! Wire format: multipart/form-data with `file=<bytes>` and `meta=<json>`.
//! `meta` carries `{content_hash, library_id, rel_path, orientation?,
//! model_version?}` — useful for Apollo-side logging and idempotency, ignored
//! by Apollo today but part of the stable wire contract so future versions
//! can act on it without a client change.
//!
//! Error mapping (reflected in [`FaceDetectError`]):
//! - 422 `decode_failed` → permanent: ImageApi marks `status='failed'` and
//!   doesn't retry until manual rerun.
//! - 200 with `faces:[]` → `status='no_faces'` marker row.
//! - 503 `cuda_oom` / `engine_unavailable` → defer-and-retry: no marker
//!   written.
//! - Any other 5xx / network error → defer.

use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use base64::Engine;
use reqwest::Client;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::time::Duration;

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
pub struct DetectMeta {
    pub content_hash: String,
    pub library_id: i32,
    pub rel_path: String,
    /// EXIF orientation int (1..8). Apollo applies `exif_transpose` on the
    /// bytes before inference, so this is informational only — supply when
    /// the bytes were extracted from a RAW preview that lost the tag.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub orientation: Option<i32>,
    /// Echoed back in the response. ImageApi stores it in
    /// `face_detections.model_version`.
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub model_version: Option<String>,
}

// Wire shape for the bbox sub-object Apollo returns. Read by Phase 3's
// file-watch hook; silence the dead-code lint until then.
#[allow(dead_code)]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
pub struct DetectedBbox {
    pub x: f32,
    pub y: f32,
    pub w: f32,
    pub h: f32,
}

#[allow(dead_code)] // bbox consumed by Phase 3 file-watch hook
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
pub struct DetectedFace {
    pub bbox: DetectedBbox,
    pub confidence: f32,
    /// base64 of 2048 bytes (512×f32 LE). ImageApi stores the raw bytes
    /// verbatim as a BLOB — see `decode_embedding` for the unpack.
    pub embedding: String,
}

impl DetectedFace {
    /// Decode the wire-format embedding back into raw bytes for storage.
    /// Returns the 2048-byte little-endian f32 buffer or an error if the
    /// base64 is malformed or the wrong length.
    pub fn decode_embedding(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
        let bytes = base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD
            .decode(self.embedding.as_bytes())
            .context("face embedding base64 decode")?;
        if bytes.len() != 2048 {
            anyhow::bail!(
                "face embedding wrong size: got {} bytes, expected 2048",
                bytes.len()
            );
        }
        Ok(bytes)
    }
}

#[allow(dead_code)] // duration_ms logged by Phase 3 file-watch hook
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
pub struct DetectResponse {
    pub model_version: String,
    pub duration_ms: i64,
    pub faces: Vec<DetectedFace>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
#[allow(dead_code)] // Reported by Apollo; useful for future health-driven backoff
pub struct FaceHealth {
    pub loaded: bool,
    pub providers: Vec<String>,
    pub model_version: String,
    pub det_size: i32,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub load_error: Option<String>,
}

/// Distinguishes permanent failures (don't retry) from transient ones
/// (defer and retry on next scan tick). The file-watch hook keys its
/// marker-row decision on this — a `Permanent` outcome writes
/// `status='failed'`, a `Transient` outcome writes nothing so the next
/// pass tries again.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum FaceDetectError {
    /// Apollo refused the bytes for a reason that won't change on retry
    /// (decode failure, zero-dim image). Mark `status='failed'`.
    Permanent(anyhow::Error),
    /// Apollo couldn't process this turn but might next time (CUDA OOM,
    /// engine not loaded yet, network hiccup). Don't mark anything.
    Transient(anyhow::Error),
    /// Feature is disabled (no `APOLLO_FACE_API_BASE_URL`). Caller should
    /// silently no-op — same shape as `apollo_client::is_enabled()` false.
    Disabled,
}

impl std::fmt::Display for FaceDetectError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            FaceDetectError::Permanent(e) => write!(f, "permanent: {e}"),
            FaceDetectError::Transient(e) => write!(f, "transient: {e}"),
            FaceDetectError::Disabled => write!(f, "face client disabled"),
        }
    }
}

impl std::error::Error for FaceDetectError {}

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct FaceClient {
    client: Client,
    /// `None` → disabled. Trim trailing slash at construction so url
    /// building doesn't double up.
    base_url: Option<String>,
}

impl FaceClient {
    pub fn new(base_url: Option<String>) -> Self {
        // 60 s timeout: CPU inference on a backlog can take many seconds
        // per photo, especially the first call into a cold GPU. Apollo's
        // bounded threadpool (1 worker on CUDA) means concurrent calls
        // queue server-side; 60 s is enough headroom for a few items in
        // the queue without surfacing a false transient.
        let timeout_secs = std::env::var("FACE_DETECT_TIMEOUT_SEC")
            .ok()
            .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u64>().ok())
            .unwrap_or(60);
        let client = Client::builder()
            .timeout(Duration::from_secs(timeout_secs))
            .build()
            .expect("reqwest client build");
        Self {
            client,
            base_url: base_url.map(|u| u.trim_end_matches('/').to_string()),
        }
    }

    pub fn is_enabled(&self) -> bool {
        self.base_url.is_some()
    }

    /// Detect every face in `bytes`. ImageApi calls this from the file-watch
    /// hook (Phase 3) and from the manual rerun handler. Empty `faces[]` in
    /// the response is the no-faces signal — caller writes a marker row.
    #[allow(dead_code)] // Phase 3 file-watch hook + rerun handler
    pub async fn detect(
        &self,
        bytes: Vec<u8>,
        meta: DetectMeta,
    ) -> std::result::Result<DetectResponse, FaceDetectError> {
        let Some(base) = self.base_url.as_deref() else {
            return Err(FaceDetectError::Disabled);
        };
        let url = format!("{}/api/internal/faces/detect", base);
        self.post_multipart(&url, bytes, &meta).await
    }

    /// Single-embedding endpoint for the manual face-create flow. Caller
    /// crops the image to the user-drawn bbox and passes those bytes; we
    /// run detection inside the crop and return the highest-confidence
    /// face's embedding. Apollo returns 422 `no_face_in_crop` when the
    /// box missed — surfaced here as `Permanent`.
    pub async fn embed(
        &self,
        bytes: Vec<u8>,
        meta: DetectMeta,
    ) -> std::result::Result<DetectResponse, FaceDetectError> {
        let Some(base) = self.base_url.as_deref() else {
            return Err(FaceDetectError::Disabled);
        };
        let url = format!("{}/api/internal/faces/embed", base);
        self.post_multipart(&url, bytes, &meta).await
    }

    /// Engine reachability + provider/model report. Used by ImageApi for a
    /// startup sanity check; not on the hot path.
    #[allow(dead_code)] // Phase 3 startup probe
    pub async fn health(&self) -> Result<FaceHealth> {
        let base = self.base_url.as_deref().context("face client disabled")?;
        let url = format!("{}/api/internal/faces/health", base);
        let resp = self.client.get(&url).send().await?.error_for_status()?;
        let body: FaceHealth = resp.json().await?;
        Ok(body)
    }

    async fn post_multipart(
        &self,
        url: &str,
        bytes: Vec<u8>,
        meta: &DetectMeta,
    ) -> std::result::Result<DetectResponse, FaceDetectError> {
        let meta_json = serde_json::to_string(meta)
            .map_err(|e| FaceDetectError::Permanent(anyhow::anyhow!("meta serialize: {e}")))?;
        let form = reqwest::multipart::Form::new()
            .text("meta", meta_json)
            .part(
                "file",
                reqwest::multipart::Part::bytes(bytes)
                    .file_name(meta.rel_path.clone())
                    .mime_str("application/octet-stream")
                    .unwrap_or_else(|_| reqwest::multipart::Part::bytes(Vec::new())),
            );

        let resp = match self.client.post(url).multipart(form).send().await {
            Ok(r) => r,
            Err(e) if e.is_timeout() || e.is_connect() => {
                return Err(FaceDetectError::Transient(anyhow::anyhow!(
                    "face client network: {e}"
                )));
            }
            Err(e) => {
                return Err(FaceDetectError::Transient(anyhow::anyhow!(
                    "face client request: {e}"
                )));
            }
        };

        let status = resp.status();
        if status.is_success() {
            let body: DetectResponse = resp.json().await.map_err(|e| {
                FaceDetectError::Transient(anyhow::anyhow!("face response decode: {e}"))
            })?;
            return Ok(body);
        }

        let body_text = resp.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
        Err(classify_error_response(status.as_u16(), &body_text))
    }
}

/// Map an Apollo HTTP error response to a FaceDetectError. Pulled out as a
/// pure function so the marker-row contract (422 → Permanent, 503 →
/// Transient) is unit-testable without spinning up an HTTP server.
fn classify_error_response(status: u16, body_text: &str) -> FaceDetectError {
    // Apollo encodes its error class in the JSON body's `detail`. Try to
    // parse it; fall back to status-only classification.
    let detail_code = serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(body_text)
        .ok()
        .and_then(|v| {
            // detail can be a string ("decode_failed") or an object
            // ({"code": "cuda_oom", ...}) depending on the endpoint and
            // Apollo's response shape — handle both.
            v.get("detail")
                .and_then(|d| d.as_str().map(str::to_string))
                .or_else(|| {
                    v.get("detail")
                        .and_then(|d| d.get("code"))
                        .and_then(|c| c.as_str())
                        .map(str::to_string)
                })
        })
        .unwrap_or_default();

    if status == 422 {
        return FaceDetectError::Permanent(anyhow::anyhow!(
            "face detect 422 {}: {}",
            detail_code,
            body_text
        ));
    }
    if status == 503 {
        return FaceDetectError::Transient(anyhow::anyhow!(
            "face detect 503 {}: {}",
            detail_code,
            body_text
        ));
    }
    // Infra-level 4xx that an operator can fix without re-encoding the
    // bytes: 408 (proxy timeout), 413 (request too large — reverse-proxy
    // body cap), 429 (rate limit). Treating these as Permanent poisons
    // every photo that hit the misconfig with `status='failed'` and
    // requires a manual DELETE to recover. Defer instead so the next
    // scan tick retries naturally once the proxy is fixed.
    if matches!(status, 408 | 413 | 429) {
        return FaceDetectError::Transient(anyhow::anyhow!(
            "face detect {} {}: {}",
            status,
            detail_code,
            body_text
        ));
    }
    // Any other 4xx: be conservative and treat as Permanent so we don't
    // loop forever on a stable rejection. Any other 5xx: Transient —
    // likely intermittent.
    if (400..500).contains(&status) {
        FaceDetectError::Permanent(anyhow::anyhow!(
            "face detect {} {}: {}",
            status,
            detail_code,
            body_text
        ))
    } else {
        FaceDetectError::Transient(anyhow::anyhow!(
            "face detect {} {}: {}",
            status,
            detail_code,
            body_text
        ))
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    fn is_permanent(e: &FaceDetectError) -> bool {
        matches!(e, FaceDetectError::Permanent(_))
    }
    fn is_transient(e: &FaceDetectError) -> bool {
        matches!(e, FaceDetectError::Transient(_))
    }

    #[test]
    fn classify_422_decode_failed_is_permanent() {
        // Permanent → ImageApi marks status='failed' and stops retrying.
        let e = classify_error_response(422, r#"{"detail":"decode_failed: bad bytes"}"#);
        assert!(is_permanent(&e), "422 decode_failed must be Permanent");
        assert!(format!("{e}").contains("decode_failed"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn classify_503_cuda_oom_is_transient() {
        // Transient → ImageApi must NOT write a marker so the next scan
        // retries. The detail.code is nested in an object rather than a
        // bare string; the parser handles both.
        let e = classify_error_response(
            503,
            r#"{"detail":{"code":"cuda_oom","error":"out of memory"}}"#,
        );
        assert!(is_transient(&e), "503 cuda_oom must be Transient");
        assert!(format!("{e}").contains("cuda_oom"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn classify_500_is_transient_other_4xx_is_permanent() {
        // Conservative split: 5xx defers (intermittent), other 4xx
        // is treated as a stable rejection so we don't loop forever.
        assert!(is_transient(&classify_error_response(500, "")));
        assert!(is_transient(&classify_error_response(502, "{}")));
        assert!(is_permanent(&classify_error_response(400, "{}")));
        assert!(is_permanent(&classify_error_response(404, "{}")));
    }

    #[test]
    fn classify_infra_4xx_is_transient() {
        // 408 / 413 / 429 are operator-fixable proxy/infra errors.
        // Marking them Permanent poisons every affected photo with
        // status='failed' and requires manual SQL to recover. The
        // 413 path specifically bit us when nginx defaulted to a 1 MB
        // body cap and rejected normal-size photos before they reached
        // the backend.
        assert!(is_transient(&classify_error_response(408, "")));
        assert!(is_transient(&classify_error_response(
            413,
            "<html>nginx</html>"
        )));
        assert!(is_transient(&classify_error_response(429, "{}")));
    }

    #[test]
    fn classify_handles_unparseable_body() {
        // Apollo can return non-JSON on misroute / proxy errors; the
        // classifier must still produce a useful variant.
        let e = classify_error_response(503, "<html>nginx</html>");
        assert!(is_transient(&e));
    }
}